1. warm up: syntax
2. review of yesterday's Task 1 of the core.
3. task 3 practice.
Coming up: vocabulary power point review tomorrow and quiz on Friday.
Warm up
Class handout / copy below
SAT Practice 3: Effective Language Use / Syntax…Wednesday, February
24
1.
In 1962, Michael Murphy and Dick Price founded the Esalen Institute.
The Big Sur, California location was one of the first homes of the
Western New Age movement.
Which choice most effectively combines the two sentences at the
underlined portion?
Please
choose from one of the following options.
a. Institute;
the location, in Big Sur, California, was
b. Institute
in Big Sur, California
c. Institute
in Big Sur, California; the location was
d. Institute;
located in Big Sur, California, it became
2. Capitalism is a controversial economic system. The
argument that capitalism rewards innovation and hard work has been made by some
people, while others believe it encourages greed.
Which choice most effectively combines the sentences at the
underlined portion?
Please choose from one of the following:
a. system
because some people are arguing that capitalism, rewarding innovation, also
rewards hard work
b. system:
some argue that it rewards innovation and hard work
c. system:
the argument that it rewards innovation and hard work has been made by some
people
d. system,
because rewarding hard work and innovation is an advantage some people argue
for,
3. Rachelle
and Lydia did not know what to expect on their first catamaran trip to the
Channel Islands. Therefore, they were surprised and thrilled to see
dolphins leaping out of the water.
Which choice most effectively combines the two sentences at the
underlined portion?
Please
choose from one of the following options.
a. The
catamaran trip to the Channel Islands was Rachelle and Lydia’s first trip, and
they did not know what to expect, so
b. The
Channel Islands trip was the first catamaran trip Rachelle and Lydia would be
taking, so they did not know what to expect, and
c. Rachelle
and Lydia did not know what to expect on their first catamaran trip to the
Channel Islands, so
d. Rachelle
and Lydia, on their first trip to the Channel Islands, did not know what to
expect, so
4. Yesterday,
I drove to work past the lemon tree. It was, as is usual, covered
with fruit.
Which choice most effectively combines the sentences at the
underlined portion?
Please
choose from one of the following options.
a. tree;
as usual, it was
b. tree;
it was, as is usual
c. tree,
which was, as usual, being
d. tree
and, as usual, it was
The
Oarfish, a serpentine deep-sea fish, has long been featured in Japanese
folklore as a predictor of earthquakes. Their predictive power comes from
living close to the ocean floor. With that proximity to the sea bottom,
Oarfish can pick up the sensitive vibrations of tectonic plate
movement.
Which choice most effectively combines the sentences at the
underlined portion?
Please
choose from one of the following options.
a. floor,
where they
b. floor;
with that proximity to the sea bottom, Oarfish
c. floor;
Oarfish, because they have such a close proximity to the sea bottom
d. floor,
where, because they have such a close proximity to the sea bottom,
__________________________________________________
What obstacles did anyone have in completing passage one / two?correct responses:
Passage A
(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 4
(4) 1
(5) 2
(6) 2
(7) 4
(8) 3
(9) 2
(10) 1
(11) 3
(12) 1
(13) 3
(14) 4
This is part 3 of the common core exam. We are reading the
directions together. You should note that what is being asked
in terms of how one writing strategy (literary technique
or rhetorical device) is developed is exactly what you have completed in two essays this year.
Quick review I am giving you a handout to reference with this
writing assignment. You, of course, are expected to know this material, so as to demonstrate your skills in applying the criteria to section 3 of the exam. Once we have finished reviewing, I will pass out section 3. This is due at the close of class tomorrow. If you receive an extension,
please finish up over the weekend. Please maintain a testing atmosphere. There should be no talking; I cannot answer questions once we have begun. No leaving the room. Graded writing assignment.
Literary elements are the universal constituents of literature and thus can be found in any written or oral story.
PLOT STRUCTURE
Exposition
Background information? About characters, setting, situation? Complication? When does the first conflict/problem arise and develop ? What other problems start to arise and continue to develop?
Crisis What is the moment of decision (internal dilemma resolved) for the main character? When is the character faced with his/her internal conflict and realizes she/he must make a decision?
Climax When does the character MAKE his decision and ACT on it? What actions results from this decision? What is the highest point of interest (in terms of action) in the story? When is the suspense (regarding what the character will do to solve the problem) over?
Resolution (denouement) Tying up of loose ends
Other plot devices/terms include: flashback, flash forward, time lapse, suspense, foreshadowing, cliffhangers, surprise endings, closed endings, open endings.
Theme: The story's message or main point. point?
Conflict: What people/forces/ideas/interests/values/institutions oppose each other?
(man against man, many against nature, man against himself)
Characterization: What kinds of person/people are the character(s)? Their beliefs/hopes/dreams/ideals/ values/morals/fears/strengths/weaknesses/vices/virtues/talents? How do they conduct themselves? What do they say and do to reveal themselves? What do others say and do about the? What are your opinions or feelings about them? Classifications of types of characters include: protagonist, antagonist, foil, stereotype, flat, round, static, dynamic.
What do others say and do about What are your opinions or feelings about them? Classifications of types of characters include: protagonist, antagonist, foil, stereotype, flat, round, static, dynamic.
Setting: refers to TIME and PLACE:
Style: The way the writer chooses to arrange his sentence structure (syntax) as well as the words (diction) he chooses. What is the overall effect of the way he writes? Simple, involved, poetic, colloquial, humorous, pedantic, child-like? How does it contribute to the author’s message and the overall effect the author wishes to create?
mood is the atmosphere of the story
tone is the author's attitude towards the topic. Joyful? Melancholy? Fatalistic? Angry? Peaceful? Scary? Mysterious?
We can identify both mood and tone by looking at the setting, characters, details, and word choices
POINT OF VIEW Who is the narrator?
first person or third person? (limited or omniscient?) Why significant? Do you trust the narrator?
Figurative language is when you use a word or phrase that does not have its
normal everyday, literal meaning. Writers use figurative language to make
their work more interesting or more dramatic than literal language, which
simply states facts.
- simile - comparison using like or as
- metaphor- direct comparison, using a form of the verb to be
- personification- human qualities / attributes to non human
- onomatopoeia- sounds reflective of the sense of a word
- oxymoron- contradictory terms appear in conjunction (falsely true)
- hyperbole- exaggeration
- allusion- an expression designed to call something to mind to call something o mind without explicitly mentioning it.
- idiom- expressions that reflect some underlying ideas our principles of a culture. "hot potato"; "at the drop of a hat"; "hot mess"
- Imagery- sensory language (seeing, sound, taste, feeling, olfactory)
- symbolism- use of symbols
- alliteration-the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.
- assonance- repetition of vowel sounds
- consonance- repetition of consonance sounds within words (pitter patter)
- synecdoche- a part represents the whole
- irony-words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning of the words.
- sarcasm (also a rhetorical device); words meant to hurt; different than irony
- litotes- understatement
- pun- form of word play that suggests two or more meaning
Rhetorical strategies (the art of using words to persuade)
Ethos, Pathos and Logos
Ethos, pathos and logos each have a different meaning:
· Ethos is an appeal to ethics, and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader.
· Pathos is an appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response.
· Logos is an appeal to logic, and is a way of persuading an audience by reason.
allegory -a narrative in which the characters, behavior, etc. demonstrate symbolism on many levels
anaphora -repetition of the same words or phrases at the beginning of successive phrases
antithesis -the juxtaposition of sharply contrasting ideas in balanced or parallel words "To err is human, to forgive divine."
aphorism -a concise statement designed to illustrate a commonly held belief
connotation -the underlying, implied meaning of a word or phrase
denotation- the dictionary definition of a word
epistrophe- repetition of a phrase at the end of successive sentences (opposite of anaphora)
euphemism- an indirect or less harsh way of expressing unpleasant information
jargon -specialized language of a trade or profession
paradox -statement that seems contradictory but may probably be true
rebuttal/refutation -an argument technique wherein opposing arguments are anticipated and countered
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